My Playground for Technical Insights:
(Open Innovation and Provoking Gadgeteer Questions)
wind turbines! ;-)
Some links to old and new Caloric rsp. Heat Engines (no responsibility for technical or economic function):
Links to actual ones (Research Activities):
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544212000084
http://www.academia.edu/4037829/Microturbine_EFGT_Biomass_Cofiring_Natural_gas
http://www.bioliquids-chp.eu/index.php?id=35&rid=12&r=
http://www.freevalve.com/technology/the-pneumatic-hybrid/
Links to commercial available ones:
- goth ;-) - but still in operation! - http://www.solarplan.org/documents/BBC_Huntorf_engl.pdf : Gas Turbine 'Specific Heat Rate' 5800kJ=1,612 kWh ( p. 14, ch. 5 Tech. Data) => Gas-to-Power-Efficiency = 62% ('single trip' = expansion only rsp. precompressed air already existing).
- Using supercritical CO2 instead of water steam: https://www.echogen.com/our-solution/product-series/eps100/ and https://www.heise.de/tr/artikel/Mini-Turbine-soll-eine-ganze-Stadt-versorgen-3177558.html (German language).
Some provoking technical questions, I'm worried about:
1. Why gas turbines don't have intercoolers in between compression stage and combustion chamber like turbochargers - or compressors in general - for a better efficiency? => See e.g.: http://www.cimac.com/cms/upload/Publication_Press/Recommendations/Recommendation_27_rev_081007.pdf .
=> Answer: Because any cooling causes a loss of energy to the system - but some cooling is essential to realize a cycle!
2. For generating electricity: Why do we shift our focus from steam power plants to gas turbines?
Citation: 'The efficiency of air-standard Brayton Cycle is therefore a function of the isentropic pressure ratio ...', see: Borgnakke, Claus | Sonntag, Richard E. | „Fundamentals of Thermodynamics“, John Wiley&Sons Inc., NY, 2009, chapter 12.2, page. 423 - Pressure ratios of modern gas turbines extend from ~20 up to ~40 - but those of modern multistage steam turbines count well above 250 - from my point of view, water steam is also a gas ... 1)
3. For generating mechanical power: Why do we use near ideal processes for both - the compression and expansion - parts of engines or turbines?
See playground model 1 and 2 below for a new triangular 'Brayton'-cycle dedicated to closed cycle gas turbines with the working fluid 'water steam'.
4. Six Questions about getting power from wind and sun (in German)
https://www.yumpu.com/de/document/view/62058328/6-fragen-zur-stromerzeugung-aus-wind-und-sonne-2018-09-09 and possible answers:
https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/62108811/power-statistics-and-h2-evolution (in English),
https://m.phys.org/news/2017-07-scientists-robust-catalyst-hydrogen-oxygen.html (in English) and
https://www.siemens.com/customer-magazine/en/home/energy/bringing-power-to-the-people/gas-turbines-receive-fuel-flexibility-boost.html (in English, catchword = '45 percent hydrogen') respectively in German: https://www.spektrum.de/magazin/billigere-katalysatoren-fuer-die-wasserspaltung/1511569 und
https://www.erdgas.info/artikel/detail/2019/gasturbinen-hersteller-werden-gruen/ , Stichwort auf der Seite (Ctrl+f) = "100 Prozent Wasserstoff" .
1) But due to the shrinking rsp. expanding gas volume, a higher compression ratio via multi-stage compression and expansion rsp. superheating requires multi-flow stage construction, which extends the overall expenses for buildings and machinery.
Some technical papers (max. 12 pages):
Technische Kurzdarstellungen und Zusammenfassungen
Fragen / Kommentare / Kritik => hubert.bellm@gmail.com
NAN ;-)